Varieties of currants for the moscow region are resistant to

09-03-2018

Tips and ideas

Currant - is one of the most common berry bushes grown in suburban areas. Currently there are a huge number of varieties. For each strip, their varieties are derived, adapted to the growing conditions in the region.

287-Varieties of currants for the suburbs

General requirements for currants grown in the middle lane

When choosing a currant for the dacha, attention should be paid to the characteristics of the variety.

Winter hardiness The shrub must tolerate even long winter thaws without damage, while not starting to grow.

Frost resistance For the Moscow region and the middle band are selected varieties that can withstand temperatures below -30 ° C.

Resistance to spring frosts. For the middle band and the suburbs, it should be high.

Resistance to pests and diseases. Most often in the middle zone of the shrub is affected bud and spider mite, anthracnose, rust. Therefore, varieties grown in this region must be resistant to these factors.

Self-fertility. The overwhelming majority of varieties are self-fruitful, but, like other crops, it gives the best yield when several varieties are grown together.

Productivity A variety is considered fruitful if it is possible to collect 3 kg of berries (for black currants) and 3.5-4 kg (for red and white) from one bush.

Large fruit. A variety is considered to be large-fruited, if the average weight of a berry is at least 2 g for black and 0.5 g for white and red.

Ascorbic acid content. The larger it is, the higher the value of the variety. But this is a somewhat conditional indicator. the average content of vitamin C per 100 g of berries is 150 mg for black and 40 mg for red and white. But in a dry summer its content decreases by 25–30%, and in a rainy and cold summer it increases by the same percentage. In the phase of technical maturity, the content of ascorbic acid in berries is maximum, and in overripe it is much less.

The best varieties of currants with proper care reveal all their varietal qualities.

Classification of varieties by maturity

By the time of ripening varieties of currants are divided into:

early - flowering begins in early May, and mature fruits appear by mid-late June;
medium - bloom in mid-May, fruiting begins from the end of June and lasts 2 weeks;
late - flowering begins in late May, fruiting occurs in mid-July.

When choosing a variety for cultivation at the dacha, be sure to consider these terms. Early varieties in the Moscow region and the middle lane are often damaged by spring frosts, which can lead to the loss of half the crop of currants. Late ones are affected by pests and diseases, which also leads to crop loss, and the treatment of bushes with toxic chemicals does not allow eating and processing berries directly from the bush. In this case, you must wait a certain period, until the moment when the amount of toxic chemicals on the treated bushes decreases to a safe level.

The best option for the Moscow region is planting on the site of medium, medium and medium late varieties. This makes it possible to get fresh currant berries all summer.

Varieties of black currant for the suburbs and the middle band

This berry shrub is more common than other types of currants. It was cultivated in the Middle Ages, first with a medical purpose, and then as a berry plant.

Nara

Variety universal purpose, early ripening. Bush srednerosly, slightly sprawling. Flowering occurs in early May, fruiting - from mid-June.

The length of the brush is average. Fruits are black, medium and large. The flesh is greenish, pleasant sweet-sour taste with aroma. This variety of black currant is recommended for cultivation in the Moscow region and the middle lane.

yield 3.8-4 kg / bush;
berry weight is very uneven from 1.3 to 3.3 g;
vitamin C content is 179 mg /%;
content of substances: sugar 6.8%, acid 2.5%.

Dignity. High winter hardiness. Resistance to terry, powdery mildew, anthracnose. Medium resistant to kidney mite.

Disadvantages. Fruit level. Early flowering due to which some of the flowers may be damaged by spring frosts (but due to prolonged flowering (2-2.5 weeks), the entire crop is never lost). In case of prolonged cold weather (0 ... + 5, the ovaries can crumble).

Openwork

The variety is universal, mid-season. Shrubs are medium sparsely sprawling. Brush medium with frequent arrangement of berries.

Fruits in the period of technical ripeness are black, round-oval. The flesh is sweet and sour.

high yield 4.5-5 kg / bush;
berry weight 1.4-2.0 g;
the content of vitamin C 158.9 mg /%;
content of substances: sugar 7.9, acid 3.3.

Benefits. Frost resistance is high. Practically not damaged by pests and is not affected by diseases. Good taste (4.5 points).

Disadvantages. Small berries. Their maturation is uneven.

Belarusian sweet

The old Soviet variety was bred in the Byelorussian SSR in 1967. Excellent caught in the middle lane and the suburbs, the average maturity. Shrubs already in the 2nd year come into fruiting.

Self-fertility is high (up to 60%). Bushes are tall, sprawling, thick. The leaves are light green with a yellowish tinge (this is a feature of this variety). The length of the brush is average, it contains 6-8 berries. Fruits are black, round-oval, shiny. The taste is sweet and sour.

yield 3.7 kg / bush;
berry weight 1.2-1.6 g;
the content of vitamin C 200-300 mg /%;
content of substances: sugar 11.7%, acid 1.03%.

Dignity. Very high taste (5 points), good yield. Variety is the record for the content in berries of ascorbic acid. Good winter hardiness. Very resistant to powdery mildew. Medium resistant to anthracnose. Fruits retain flavor when canned.

Disadvantages. Small fruits. The flowers are often damaged by spring frosts. Low resistance to kidney mite, rust.

Oryol Waltz

Currants of this variety grows quite well in the middle lane and the suburbs. Late maturation.

Shrubs sredneroslye, slightly sprawling. Fruit brush of medium length. Fruits in the period of technical ripeness are black, at the stem - black-brown, round. The taste is sweet and sour.

yield from medium to high: 2.7-3.2 kg / bush;
berry weight 1.4 g;
the content of vitamin C 167 mg /%;
content of substances: sugar 8.0%, acid 3.1%.

Benefits. High winter hardiness, resistance to rust, powdery mildew, anthracnose.

Disadvantages. Affected by kidney mite. Berries are average or less than average, but this disadvantage is compensated by a fairly high yield.

Blackcurrant has a fairly clear pattern: the larger the berries, the lower the yield. Conversely, in varieties with medium berries, the yield is quite high.

Viola

Currant foreign selection. It was withdrawn in Czechoslovakia in 1987.

Early ripening, universal purpose. Bushes sredneroslye, sprawling. Productivity is high. The berries are large, black, with a waxy coating. The flesh is greenish-yellow, sweet-sour.

Benefits. High winter hardiness. Good taste, high yield.

Disadvantages. Medium resistance to powdery mildew, anthracnose, mold. Unsustainable to drought.

Varieties of red currant for the Moscow region

This type of currant is the second most common, after black. Its varieties are much smaller (according to data for 2017, only 37 varieties were entered into the State Register), although it is more unpretentious than black currants.

Versailles red

Old French currant mid-ripening. Bushes are powerful, high, durable, fruiting begins at 3 year of cultivation. Full fruiting comes in 6-7 year.

Brushes are long, with 13-15 berries, collected in clusters. Fruits are large, dark red, juicy, almost not showered. The taste is soft-sour, refreshing. With a delay in collecting the taste of the berries increases. Seeds are small. Productivity is high.

Benefits. Currant large-fruited, fruitful.

Disadvantages. Non-resistant to anthracnose. Requires high agricultural cultivation. Not resistant to drought.

Chulkovskaya

Russian variety of national selection. It grew in gardens even before the revolution, from 1947 to 2006 it was included in the State Register. Now Chulkovskaya is not in the register of varieties, but it is still on sale, many private nurseries continue to grow planting material. Currant grows well in the middle lane, near Moscow, in the north-west.

Early ripening, technical purposes. Bushes are powerful, thick, slightly spreading. Fruits are medium and large, translucent, bright red. Ripening friendly, the fruits are practically not showered. Taste is satisfactory. Berries are more suitable for canning and processing than for fresh consumption.

yield 4-6 kg / bush;
berry weight 0.4-0.7 g;
the content of vitamin C 62,0-45,0 mg / 100 g

Benefits. High transportability, good keeping quality (up to 5 days). Frost-and drought-resistant, has high self-fertility. Resistant to anthracnose. Early fruiting and high yield. From fruits get excellent jam and compotes.

Disadvantages. Mediocre taste of fresh berries. Winter hardiness of bushes is average. Insufficient resistance to powdery mildew, terry. Flowers can be damaged by spring frosts.

Osipovskaya

A relatively new variety of late ripening, universal purpose.

Bush high, medium-sprawling. The brush is average. Fruits are dark red, rounded oval, one-dimensional. The taste is sweet and sour.

yield 5-6 kg / bush;
berry weight 0.6 g;
the content of vitamin C 42.9 mg / 5;
content of substances: sugar 6.61%, acid 1.97%.

Benefits. High yield, winter hardiness. Good heat resistance. Currant Osipovskaya immune to powdery mildew. Compotes, jam juices are of excellent quality.

Disadvantages. Affected by leaf spots.

Scarlet dawn

Although this currant was bred for cultivation in the Ural region, it feels good not only in the Moscow region, but also in general in the middle lane. Medium ripening.

Bushes are average, not sprawling. Fruits are large, leveled, red. The taste is sweet-sour (4.5 points), refreshing. Universal purpose.

yield 5.5-6.5 kg / bush;
berry weight 0.6-1 g;

Benefits. High yield, large fruit, good taste. Winter-hardy, resistant to diseases and pests.

Disadvantages. Very large fluctuations in yield over the years.

Baraba

Currant domestic breeding. Was withdrawn in the early 2000s. It grows well in the middle lane, does not freeze.

Medium ripening, universal purpose. Shrubs sredneroslye, not sprawling. Shoots do not peel. Brushes are long. Fruits are round, large, red. The taste is sweet and sour with a predominance of acid (4.1 points).

yield of 2.7 kg / bush with compacted planting;
berry weight 0.7-1.5 g;
the content of vitamin C 50 mg / 100 g;
content of substances: sugar 9.7%, acid 1,%.

Benefits. Large fruit, good taste. Resistant to drought.

Disadvantages. Affected by septoria and anthracnose. In the absence of chemical treatments, you can lose not only the harvest, but the entire plantation.

A very common variety, the Dutch red is resistant to diseases and pests, yields high yields, but its berries are very acidic and small. Because of this, this currant is not of great value.

White currant for the Moscow region

White currant on the structure of the bushes and the requirements for climatic factors is very similar to the red. Until recently, it was considered a type of red currant, with only white berries. Now it is isolated into an independent group, although some breeders continue to consider it only a sub-species of red fruit varieties.

Almost all varieties included in the State Register can be grown in the Moscow region and the middle zone. They are quite winter-hardy and frost-resistant and can tolerate adverse factors well in these conditions. Foreign varieties (in particular, Ukrainian, can tolerate winter conditions with shelter).

Smolyaninovskaya (white Smolyaninova)

Currant was bred in the mid-90s by the method of interbreeding. It grows well in the Moscow region, the middle lane and the north-west.

Smolyaninovskaya midterm ripening, universal purpose. Shrubs sredneroslye, rather sprawling. Fruit brushes of medium length. Fruits are round oval, translucent, white. The taste is sweet and sour, refreshing (4.7 points).

yield of 3.3 kg / bush;
berry weight 0.6 g;
the content of vitamin C is 32.6 mg /%.

Benefits. Good yield, excellent taste. High frost resistance. Powdery mildew resistance.

Disadvantages. Affected by anthracnose.

Bayana

Currant was obtained in the mid-2000s. Late maturation.

Bushes are vigorous, thick, slightly spreading. Annual shoots have a reddish tint. The berries are large, leveled, rounded, white, translucent. Taste is pleasant sweet-sour. Seeds are small, orange.

yield 2.2 kg / bush;
berry weight 0.5-0.7 g;
vitamin C content is 40.3%;
content of substances: sugar 7.6% acid 1.8%.

Benefits. Good yield, dessert quality fruit. High winter hardiness, powdery mildew resistance.

Disadvantages. Affected by reddish aphids. Affected by leaf spots.

Snezhana

Currant of Ukrainian origin. In the middle lane winters with shelter. In severe winters can freeze.

Medium ripening, universal purpose. Bushes sredneroslye, slightly sprawling. Brushes are long, very thick. Fruits are one-dimensional, white, transparent, large, with thin skin. The taste is refreshing, pleasant, sweet and sour. Ripening is amicable, the currant practically does not crumble. Snezhana is suitable for storage, processing, canning, freezing.

berry weight 0.6-0.8 g;
vitamin C content 84 mg /%;
content of substances: sugar 5.5-8.2%, acids 1.2-1.3%.

Benefits. High winter and drought resistance, good heat resistance, resistance to powdery mildew, septoriozu, anthracnose. High yield, good taste of the fruit. Suitable for storage (5-7 days).

Disadvantages. Insufficient frost resistance in the Moscow region and middle zone.

Umka

Currant medium early ripening, universal purpose. Shrubs sredneroslye, sprawling, srednegustoe.

Fruits are large, leveled, white with a yellowish tinge, transparent, with a thin skin. Seeds are average number, they are large, orange. The taste is sweet-sour, pleasant (4.6 points).

yield 2.5 kg / bush;
berry weight 0.8-1.0 g;
vitamin content 54.0 mg / 100 g;
content of substances: sugar 9.5%, acids 1.6%.

Benefits. Excellent taste, very high winter hardiness, sufficient frost resistance. Good heat resistance. Resistant to powdery mildew and gall. Excellent proved in the suburbs.

Disadvantages. Drought resistance is average. Insufficient self-fertility (30-35%), pollinating varieties are required to increase yields.

Rose Chair

This currant is attributed to the red, then to the white variety. The color of the berries is from white with reddish touches to white-pink. In different years, the color may vary slightly.

Rosa Chair of average maturity, universal purpose. Shrubs sredneroslye, medium density, slightly sprawling. Fruits are medium and large, leveled, rounded, translucent, white-reddish, (sometimes red-white, the color depends on the light). The taste is sweet with a slight sourness.

berry weight 0.5-0.8 g;
average yield.

Benefits. Excellent dessert taste of the fruit. Resistant to septoria.

Disadvantages. Productivity is not very high. It is affected by powdery mildew and anthracnose.

For a family of 3-5 people, 3-4 currant bushes of each species are enough to be with berries all summer.