Pepper kupets

15-07-2018

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Pepper Kupets - an early grade of sweet Bulgarian pepper. The variety was selected for cold areas with a short summer. Therefore, the grade refers to cold-resistant. A detailed description of the variety will be discussed in the article.

Characteristics of pepper varieties Kupets

Characteristic variety

Grade pepper Merchant unpretentious in the care. When growing it is necessary to monitor the soil moisture and ensure that the room is well lit. It is adapted to cultivation in an open ground and in the greenhouse.

Even in adverse conditions, the plant gives a crop of 2-3 kg per 1 sq.m. In good conditions, the yield reaches 7-10 kg per 1 sq.m.

Fruit weight - up to 100 g, stack thickness - 5-8 mm. The fruits are very tasty: the pulp is juicy and aromatic, it contains a lot of vitamins. Color - green in the stage of technical ripeness and red in the stage of biological maturity. Fruits are stored for a long time and tolerate transportation.

Use both raw and processed. Raw fruit can be used for salads or as a decoration of the dish. They can be stewed, baked, added to soups and borscht.

Description of the bush

The bush is semi-sprawling, pyramidal. It has the following characteristics:

The height of the bush reaches 80 cm and has a thick stem.

Growth period - 60-65 days as seedlings, 50-55 days in open ground or heated greenhouse.

The optimum temperature for growing is 26-28 ° C, night - 15-18 ° C. This is one of the few species that can withstand night temperatures up to 10 ° C. When the temperature drops, the growth slows down.

Care

Seeds are sown at home or in a heated greenhouse at a temperature of 26-28 ° C during the day and 15-18 ° C at night. The time from planting to harvest is approximately 110 days. Therefore, it is undesirable to sow directly into the ground - the fruits will not have time to ripen by the end of warm days. Seeds are sown usually in late February or early March.

Seeds have good germination at home. But before planting, they need to be checked and selected:

Preliminary selection. Empty seeds are discarded, dense and full - leave.

Test landing. Of the total seed volume, several are selected and placed in wet gauze for 7 days. If the seeds have slipped, they can be used further.

Place the seeds in saline. 40 g of table salt are added to boiled water (1 l) and stirred. In the solution is placed the seeds. Those that have surfaced are empty; they are thrown away. Sunk can be planted.

Seed is planted in containers with soil to a depth of 1 cm. After the appearance of 5-6 leaves, the seedlings are pinched. Cut the top of the stem to form the lateral branches. Subsequently, all the leaves before the first fork, too, are removed.

Plants need care

Soil Pepper variety Merchant loves loose and fertile. Perfect land after cabbage, carrots, onions or greens.

The plant may begin to bloom immediately after transplanting to the open ground. These flowers must be cut to allow the plant to settle well.

Picks

When diving, the Merchant may slow down in growth and there is a chance of damage to the roots.

If the picking is still necessary, it is necessary to replant it from damp soil, so as not to damage the root system. The term of the picking is after the appearance of the first 1-2 true leaflets.

Hardening

Seeds and seedlings can be hardened so that they can tolerate low temperature conditions well. Act on the following principles:

Seeds are taught to cold by placing them in the refrigerator for several hours. Seed hardening should be done before spitting.

Some gardeners put seeds in the fridge for the night.

Seedlings for hardening are usually carried out for several hours on the street or on the balcony. Quenching should begin 2 weeks before planting in the ground.

By the end of May, seedlings are planted in the ground. Planting pattern: 45 cm - between the bushes, 45 cm - between the rows.

Watering

Bulgarian pepper The merchant loves wet soil, but dry air. Do not overfill and overdry. This will immediately affect the state of the plant.

Pepper bushes prefer warm water. It can be defended in separate capacities.

Basic principles of watering:

seedlings before the first shoots need to be watered every 2-3 days;
seedlings after emergence sprouting watered daily in the morning;
Before the procedure of picking the soil is watered for 2 hours.

After transplantation in open ground should be watered every day. Peppers can be watered in the evening. Only this must be done after sunset.

Top dressing

Plants need phosphorus during fruiting

Fertilizers are applied with water. Usually, fertilizing begins to be made immediately after planting.

Basic rules for feeding:

For fertilizer seedlings using nitrophosphate solution at the rate of 1 tbsp. l per 10 liters of water. Can be used instead of nitrophoska cow droppings. You can also take a solution of bird droppings. To do this, dry litter defend in water at a ratio of 1 to 20 for several hours. During the growth of seedlings plants fertilized 2 times with a gap of 10 days.

Potassium fertilizers can also be used to grow seedlings. In the first dressing 0.5 tsp. urea and 2.5 ml of sodium humate are dissolved in 1 l of water. In the second, instead of sodium humate, 1 tsp is added. potassium monophosphate.

1 week after the picking, the seedlings can be poured with a solution of "Planty" or "Kemira".

For the first time after transplanting into open ground, peppers are fertilized only after 2 weeks. Use a solution of ammonium nitrate 1 tbsp. on a bucket of water, potassium sulfate 1-1.5 st.l. on a bucket, superphosphate 2 tbsp. 10 liters of water.

During flowering fertilized with an organic solution - 1 kg of manure (0.5 kg of bird droppings) is soaked in a bucket of water for a week. To the solution add 2 tbsp. potassium monophosphate.

During fruiting, wood ash is applied at the rate of 2 cups per 1 sq. M.

Phosphate dressing is made before flowering. It is necessary for the growth of the stem and leaves.

Nitrogen fertilizers are applied before flowering, sometimes during the fruiting period. Phosphate fertilizers - during fruiting.

For a better fertilizer effect, you can alternate. Combine mineral and organic.

Pests and diseases

Pepper Merchant prone to disease. Especially they appear when improper care, lack of or excess nutrients in the soil, improper treatment of seeds.

Description of the main diseases and methods of dealing with them:

Blackleg. Appears at overflow or low temperature. The main method of struggle is shelter from the cold with agrofibre or film, drying and loosening the soil. When overflowing the soil is covered with wood ash.

Gray rot. Fruits are stained. Manifested during rains or overflows. It is necessary to spray fungicides. Damaged fruits, leaves and stems must be removed from the plant.

Spotted wilting. Leaves become bronze or purple. Fruits acquire yellow and brown rings. It is necessary to spray fungicides. The best is "Fundazol". Fruits should be collected, and watering should be stopped.

When any disease appears, it is necessary to separate the diseased plant from others. If this is not possible, then pick up the damaged leaves, fruits and stems. Affected parts of the bushes are best burned.

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Pests

Early action against pests will protect the entire crop. Pepper Merchant to taste sweet, so it is loved by many insects. The main ones are:

Spider mite It can be found on the underside of the sheet. Against it, usually used garlic or onion solution. In a meat grinder, you need to grind a glass of onion or garlic and soak it in 10 liters of water. Add 1 tbsp. liquid soap. Strain the solution and spray it on diseased plants. It can be sprayed for prevention.

Aphid. The most dangerous insect for plants. Against it can be sprayed with a solution of Karbofos 1 tbsp. on 10 l. Cannot be used during flowering. You can use popular methods. Spray a solution of wood ash at the rate of 1 cup per 10 liters.

Bare slugs. Not visible during the day. They can be found only in the rain or in the evening. Crawling out of the weeds. The way of struggle is to sprinkle the soil with quicklime 3 times a day. This should be done every other day.

Spraying against insects is often carried out as a preventive measure. Preventive measures take 2 weeks before entering seedlings in open ground.

Conclusion

Pepper Kupets - frost-resistant, resistant to disease, drought and waterlogging. Gives delicious fruits that are perfect for fresh consumption. Appreciated for high yield - 7-8 kg with 3-4 bushes.