Brick oven in the country with their own hands

Choosing a place under construction

We decided to talk about the furnace, which will be located inside the building. That is, this is not a standard barbecue in the garden or under a canopy, but a full-fledged stove with heating and cooking mode.

First of all, we need to choose a convenient place for it. It doesn’t matter whether the house will have a construction or during a time frame, it should be installed according to all fire safety requirements, but also necessarily taking into account the most efficient heating of the room.

If the room is small, then you can install the oven even in the corner, as often happens, but it is worth remembering that with a large area, the area opposite will warm up badly. Especially, if there are entrance doors in this place.

The stove is better to install in the kitchen, which will be heated due to its work. 

We also recommend to read: Russian stoveCleaning chimneys of stoves and fireplaces from sootHow to make a porch at the cottageHow to build a country house from containers

It is worth remembering that there should be a wall near the stove, through which we will bring the chimney to the street. Well, or you should correctly calculate the output of smoke vertically upwards, if the landmark goes to the brick chimney.

No less important is the fact that the bulk brick stove has a fairly large weight. Often they do not pay attention to it, and they put the brickwork even on a thick wooden floor. But this is good only in the case of new lumber and high-quality finishing base.

In other cases, it is much more correct to create a simple foundation for the construction.

Foundation device 

The brick furnace in the country house or in any other internal premise is established on the base.

If there is a wooden floor in the installation site during the construction phase, it will need to be removed.

The foundation can be stone or concrete. Often a concrete platform is poured, for which formwork is used, and so much easier, because you can completely lay out a full-fledged base of brick. If you decide to make a strip foundation, for example, for the sake of cost savings, it will not be possible to reduce costs, because then you will need to drive the foundation out of the furnace with the help of a metalwork, which will also pull money.

So, it will be most correct to fill the platform with high-quality concrete. Concrete M 250 is quite enough, since the foundation is indoors and will carry a not so heavy load. After drying, pouring with reinforcement, you can proceed to the construction of the furnace.

Getting laying

The first row of bricks is laid on the waterproofing layer, which must be laid between the furnace and the foundation. For this purpose, roofing material is used, which is less qualitative, or special modern materials.

In laying it is very important to comply with the technology. Previously, everything was based on clay and the simplest solutions, coatings and sand, but now it is recommended to use temperature-resistant and more durable materials that will extend the service life and make the construction process more convenient.

After laying waterproofing - the first layer of bricks. It is advisable to immediately lay fireclay bricks, as it practically does not respond to the temperature in this part. Below we will have a ash compartment, where there will be no burning and high temperatures.

After the first row, a blow-out door is installed, which is attached to the steel wire by normal tension over the far parts of the stove. You can also start using studs or welded steel structures.

The second row of bricks fits according to the area of ​​the ash chamber, at the bottom of which it would be better to lay a sheet of quality steel 2-3 mm thick. So it will be much easier to collect waste from the ash pan in the future.

After the third row of bricks, proceed to the installation of an internal metal frame. Often, the height of the ash chamber is regulated independently, depending on the original plan of the furnace and its own requirements, but often it is measured simply by the height of the door of this compartment, plus on the top 1-2 rows of bricks.

Construction of the middle part of the structure

The middle part of the furnace is considered the most difficult, but if you can work well with size and power tools, then everything is much simpler than it seems.

It is here that the furnace is formed, the so-called combustion chamber, where firewood and coal emit heat by burning to heat the house. Therefore, at this stage it is worth being the most attentive.

In the middle part of the stove, where the ash chamber contacts the furnace through the grate, a metal frame is installed. But it is not an obligatory part if you can make grooves in the masonry.

Install the markings on the row of masonry in the places where the grate will be installed, and simply cut the grooves with the grinder. It is very simple, you only need to reverse the angle on the bricks so that a depression forms exactly the same as the size of the accessory.

After installing the grates, we lay two more rows of bricks until they start forming the rear compartment under the chimney.

Here you need to accurately calculate absolutely everything, because the chamber for burning fuel in a country stove depends on the subsequent laying, and it can be large or small.

Most often, the combustion chamber is only 3-4 bricks high, which is quite enough for the average laying of firewood, and for burning coal.

Installation of cast iron plate

Every reader of the site DachaDecor.ru perfectly understands what a work plan, scheme and project are. Therefore, no one is surprised that the furnace is not just built by laying solid bricks, thereby forming the size of the whole structure and its individual chambers. The dimensions are initially set, and only then the laying begins. But there is another secret here, because the cooking surface, that is, the cast-iron stove for a brick kiln, is chosen before construction begins, and dimensions are already established. Their options are very diverse, and therefore not particularly have to adapt.

When the work is almost finished, a groove is made in the top row of the brick, it is cut by the grinder, as in the installation of the grates. A metal corner is installed in this groove, which is welded to the shape of a rectangle, exactly the same size as the cast iron plate. The form is installed on the same temperature resistant solution with which the entire masonry was made.

When the solution is dry, you can install a cast-iron plate with circles on top, on the surface of which in the future you can cook a lot of delicious dishes.

Brick oven decor

The construction of fireclay bricks is not the prettiest, and therefore we recommend holding an exterior finish that will help to fit the stove into the design, making it a full-fledged part of the interior.

For this you will need to use facing bricks. It is impossible to build from it, since it can withstand temperatures as low as 650 ° C, whereas fireclay bricks for the kiln are all 1200 ° C, without receiving any damage. It is also worth remembering that the temperature inside the firebox can be very diverse, from 700-900 ° C, when the wood is burning, and up to 1100-1200 ° C when burning coal.

So that the refractory brick does not transfer the maximum temperatures to the outer decorative clinker and that it does not collapse under a similar effect, it is necessary to install a layer of thermal insulation material. It does not fit a simple film, which is used for insulation of houses or other structures, and it is suitable basalt cardboard, whose thickness should be at least 5 mm.

Then you can proceed to the laying of facing bricks. At this point, try to make the stove really beautiful.

Open a little secret! Working with clinker is often greatly delayed, as masters are afraid to stain the face of the material with a solution. But there is a great idea - you can simply seal the front part with masking tape and build without any problems. After laying the last brick, simply remove the masking tape and you will get a clean and quickly built stove.

Brick oven do it yourself (video)

Kiln chimney

On our site there is an interesting and sufficiently detailed material, telling about the most different chimneys, their purpose, qualities, characteristics and advantages. Therefore, we recommend the article to read. But while you are reading this section of the current article, we draw your attention to the following ...

A chimney for a wood-burning stove (which can sometimes be stoked with coal) is offered in several types. Ceramic, the type of Shidel, we propose to immediately discard, as this is a very expensive option. Then we will have two of the most suitable chimneys - a steel sandwich and a standard brick one. About them it is worth reading in the article recommended earlier.

In the meantime, we point out that the steel chimney will be much cheaper, and installing it will take quite a bit of time. At the brick you spend time, money and a lot of money, but the quality will get much more serious. Moreover, with him the stove will work on heating much more efficiently.

Installation of brick stove chimney

The project of the furnace involves the installation of the chimney, without it, work is simply impossible. The chimney can be installed behind the structure or on the far part of it from the top. In principle, the output itself is mounted very simply, but at the laying stage.

A steel chimney can be installed in the furnace, which will serve enough at its own cost. It can be single-walled or double-walled with a heat insulator, that is, a sandwich chimney. Often, it is displayed directly on the street and already there it is directed vertically upwards on the clamps installed on the wall.

The brick chimney is much more complicated, since it is also the heating part indoors.

Hot smoke, passing through a brick chimney, heats it, due to which the entire system gives off more heat, and even at the end of the laying of the fuel it does not cool for a long time.

A brick chimney can be simple, with several strokes of heat flow, to connect two furnaces at once, or the chimney is coarse, which provides the whole house with heat at once. If you decide to build a simple vertical brick chimney, it can be carried out through the ceiling and roof, which is quite simple. But if you choose a complex system, we recommend that you seek the help of specialists.

The construction of the stove and chimney is an interesting topic, but requiring precise calculations. Therefore, you always have at hand an exact project, a tape measure, a pencil, a sheet of paper for notes and notes, a guide to assembling the structure, as well as a plumb and level!

Cleaning and Prevention

Each furnace, which is fired with wood, coal or other solid fuel, precipitates on the walls of the chimney many combustion products. This is soot that accumulates for a very long time, as well as oils that do not allow soot to fall down. Therefore, cleaning the chimney and the stove is obligatory, but we already talked about this in a special article devoted to this topic. Do not forget about prevention, and the system will work efficiently due to a clean chimney and excellent traction!

It is also very important to clean the separate parts of the smoke removal system, if the chimney is of a complex structure. You need to open the views, for which soot is also collected.

Tips professional stove

Deciding to build a brick oven in the country with your own hands, you need to adhere to not only the strict technology in the masonry and the smoke exhaust system device, but also the opinions of professional stoves who are happy to share their recommendations.

We have collected some of the most important tips for building and decorating that you will definitely need:

• You should not buy expensive finishing materials, after all, having given a little time and attention to details, you can always make them yourself with the help of an angle grinder;
• Be sure to choose a quality material for laying, avoiding savings on used bricks;
• To install passes and lintels, metal frame is often used, which in furnaces can be inappropriate for various reasons. Then you can find another solution - apply through pins through the required number of blocks, between which there must be a masonry mortar;
• The thinner the seam in the masonry, the less chance of cracking under temperature exposure. Therefore, it is important to observe the seam of only 5-6 mm;
• Be sure to use refractory and heat-resistant materials, which will increase the life of the furnace;
• Pay attention to safety! The place of laying must be finished with non-combustible materials - stone, metal, ceramic tile;
• To install a strictly vertical chimney, the vertical level is not always used. It is easier to work with a correctly tensioned thread, which initially follows the path of a plumb line or laser level;
• Observe all the requirements of the work plan and drawing - dimensions, angles, levels, number of bricks, wall thickness, etc.;
• Avoid crevices in the seams. This is simply achieved by applying pressure to the brick in the masonry when the mortar comes out of the seam. It can be easily removed with a trowel;
• Do not narrow the chimney, do not install excess decoration, do not take any action that negatively affects the chimney draft;
• Do not make your own ideas in the design. Reinventing a bicycle here is simply impossible, because there are certain rules and technologies;
• If you restore the stove, do not break it immediately. Sometimes quality repairs are much easier and better than building from scratch;
• Never touch a clutch if you are not sure that you can do it safely and with high quality.

Laying a brick furnace in the country with their own hands is a very real process, but only if you understand the technology and follow the rules. Carefully read each item of the project and only then get to work!